主 講 人：胡悲樂
地 點：物信南樓313報告廳
主 辦 方：物理與信息工程學院
開始時間：2019-06-17 09:30
報告人簡介：
胡悲樂教授，1947年出生于重慶，后移居香港，1967年畢業于伯克利大學，后進普林斯大學頓深造，師從著名物理學家約翰?惠勒， 1972年獲博士學位。他長期以來一直在廣義相對論、量子引力理論、量子信息理論等研究領域前沿進行研究工作，做出了系統的高水平研究成果，是量子領域的資深專家，是國際引力物理界的有影響力著名學者。
報告內容簡介：
Quantum Thermodynamics in a stricter definition is the study of the thermodynamical properties of quantum many-body systems. In fusing the two terms quantum and thermodynamics together it exposes the intrinsic dislocations or even contradictions, namely, while quantum deals with the microscopic world and quantum features manifest usually at low or zero temperatures, thermodynamics is formulated mainly in the context of classical phenomena, restricted to the macroscopic realm, and functions better at high enough temperatures where thermal properties prevail over quantum. However, quantum thermodynamics is interesting precisely because of these dislocations. They bring out foundational issues at the micro-macro (m-M) and the quantum-classical (q-C) interface. In our opinion, a basic approach which can unify both aspects and offer more is the nonequilibrium dynamics of open quantum systems. Using a Brownian motion model which is exactly solvable we come to a better understanding of several foundational issues at the m-M/q-C interface from this broader perspective such as the conditions for the applicability of the canonical ensemble and the validity of the thermodynamics laws. Our approach is fundamentally different from many ongoing work on quantum thermodynamics which has produced important results in the last two decades whose setup assumes that the combined system and its environment is in a thermal state throughout. The set-up of a closed quantum system in a thermal state explores the conditions for the establishment of equilibrium quantum statistical mechanics, it is easy to define the thermodynamic quantities but difficult to extract the system dynamics and describe its nonquilibrium thermodynamics. In an open quantum system set-up these can more easily be obtained, as our present program demonstrates.
